What function does a diode bridge serve?

A diode bridge, commonly known as a bridge rectifier, is specifically designed to convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It consists of four diodes arranged in a bridge configuration that allows current to flow through the load in one direction, irrespective of the polarity of the input AC signal. This functionality is crucial because many electronic devices operate on DC, and the diode bridge efficiently rectifies AC, making it suitable for these applications.

The process of rectification involves capturing both halves of the AC waveform. When the AC input is positive, two of the diodes conduct, allowing current to flow through the output in one direction. During the negative half cycle, the other two diodes conduct, still directing the current through the output in the same direction. This results in a pulsating DC output, which can subsequently be smoothed using additional components like capacitors for more stable DC levels.

Understanding the application of a diode bridge is essential in electronic systems, particularly in power supplies, where it serves as a fundamental conversion element required for powering electronic circuits from AC mains.