What is the main purpose of a rectifier?

The main purpose of a rectifier is to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). This process is crucial in various electronic devices because many components, such as transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits, require a stable DC voltage to operate effectively.

Alternating current is characterized by its change in polarity and magnitude over time, which makes it unsuitable for most electronic applications that demand a steady voltage. A rectifier achieves this conversion typically through the use of diodes, which allow current to flow in only one direction. By conducting current during one phase of the AC cycle and blocking it during the opposite phase, a rectifier produces a pulsating DC output.

Additional components such as filters may then be used to smooth the output further, but the initial role of the rectifier is fundamental in setting the stage for any subsequent conversion or processing of electrical energy into a usable form for circuits requiring DC supply. This functionality is essential for the operation of power supplies, battery chargers, and many other electronic systems.